Oracle常用操作

连接数据库

conn / as sysdba 

创建用户

create tablespace username    logging   datafile '/data/u02/oradata/username.dbf' size 500m autoextend on next  10m maxsize unlimited;

create user username identified by password  default tablespace username  temporary tablespace temp  profile default;

grant connect,resource to username;
--grant dba to username;
grant create any directory to username;
grant create database link to username;
grant debug connect session to username;
grant create table to username;
grant create view to username;
grant unlimited tablespace to username;

解锁用户

ALTER USER username ACCOUNT UNLOCK;

修改字符集

select userenv('language') from dual;
select * from nls_database_parameters;
SQL> SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE
SQL> STARTUP MOUNT--startup mount exclusive
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM ENABLE RESTRICTED SESSION;
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET JOB_QUEUE_PROCESSES=0;
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET AQ_TM_PROCESSES=0;
SQL> ALTER DATABASE OPEN;
SQL> ALTER DATABASE CHARACTER SET INTERNAL_USE ZHS16GBK;
--   ALTER DATABASE NATIONAL CHARACTER SET INTERNAL_USE ALL16UTF16; 
SQL> SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE
SQL> STARTUP

更新数据

update tablename set column_name = 'value' where column_name = 'value';

清空用户下所有对象

begin
for s in (select 'drop '||object_type||' '||object_name|| case when object_type='TABLE' then ' cascade constraints' else ' ' end drop_object
from user_objects a
where object_type in ('SEQUENCE','PROCEDURE','FUNCTION','PACKAGE','VIEW','TABLE') 
) loop
execute immediate s.drop_object;
end loop;
end;
/

查询用户历史命令

select 
    SQL_TEXT,LAST_ACTIVE_TIME 
from 
    v$sqlarea t 
  where t.PARSING_SCHEMA_NAME 
  in ('USERNAME大写') 
  order by t.LAST_ACTIVE_TIME;

oracle账号密码过期

oracle账号密码过期处理步骤如下：

1.查看用户的资源计划是哪个

SELECT username,PROFILE FROM dba_users where username=‘用户名’

2.查看密码过期时间

select username,expiry_date,profile from dba_users ;

或查看I密码有效期

SELECT * FROM dba_profiles s WHERE s.profile='DEFAULT' AND resource_name='PASSWORD_LIFE_TIME';

3.设置密码永不过期

由于用户使用的资源计划是default，所以修改default的就行

alter profile default limit password_life_time unlimited; --永久期限

4.修改完后解锁用户或者修改密码

alter user username identified by "password";
alter user username account unlock;

修改密码可能报错密码复杂度的问题

同样先查看用户使用的那个资源计划，然后根据资源计划名查询resource_name，密码复杂度的为PASSWORD_VERIFY_FUNCTION

select profile,resource_name,resource_type,limit from dba_profiles where profile='DEFAULT';

然后将密码负责度resource设置为null

alter profile default limit password_verify_function null;

重置密码

完成后如有需要在将密码复杂度的resource设置回原来的默认设置

查看Oracle数据库中所有表的无效索引

SELECT owner, table_name, index_name, status
FROM all_indexes
WHERE status = 'INVALID'
ORDER BY owner, table_name;

该语句将返回所有拥有无效索引的表的所有者、表名、索引名和状态。您还可以根据需要添加其他条件（例如，指定特定的表空间或索引类型）。